PENGEMBANGAN ANTENA HELIKS X-BAND 8,2 GHZ UNTUK SATELIT MIKRO (DEVELOPMENT OF 8.2 GHZ X-BAND HELICAL ANTENNA FOR MICRO SATELLITE)

iwan faizal

Abstract

Helical antenna is one of the antennas which are very popular among amateurs satellite. In the X-band frequency, circularly polarized antenna is necessary, because it can overcome the effects of anomalous propagation, ground reflection, and rotational dynamic effects that occur in many satellites. These antennas have a large enough gain, that can reach 15 dB and has a directional radiation pattern with a bandwidth ratio of 1.78: 1 and is almost close to the broadcast antenna (≥ 2). The purpose of this research was to design, create prototypes, and analyze performance of X-band helical antenna at the frequency of 8.2 GHz for the micro satellite, which refered to the design of LAPAN-A3 satellite. This antenna manufacturing method using a silver-plated copper wire was used for winding helix with a diameter of 1.29 mm or AWG 16 (American Wire Gauge). The software was used to design helical antenna is 4NEC2. From the results of the design, the magnitude of VSWR (Voltage Standing Wave Ratio) obtained was 3.3, the magnitude of the beamwidth was 66 degrees. Based on test results in the Lab, the magnitude of the beamwidth was 66 degrees, and the magnitude of VSWR was 1.39. Differences VSWR were due 4NEC2 used the technique of axial feed, while the helical antenna prototype used technique peripheral feed in the its matching impedance.

 

Abstrak:

Antena heliks adalah salah satu antena yang sangat populer dikalangan satelit amatir. Pada frekuensi X-Band antena berpolarisasi sirkuler sangat diperlukan, karena dapat mengatasi efek dari anomali propagasi, refleksi tanah, dan efek spin yang banyak terjadi pada satelit. Antena ini memilki gain yang cukup besar, dapat mencapai 15 dB dan memiliki pola radiasi terarah dengan rasio lebar pita 1,78:1 dan hampir mendekati antena broadcast (≥ 2). Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk merancang, membuat prototipe dan menganalisis performa antena heliks X-Band pada frekuensi 8,2 GHz untuk satelit mikro, yang mengacu pada desain satelit LAPAN-A3. Metode manufaktur antena ini menggunakan kawat tembaga berlapis perak yang digunakan untuk lilitan heliks dengan diameter 1,29 mm atau AWG 16. Perangkat lunak yang digunakan untuk mendesain antena heliks adalah 4NEC2. Hasil uji simulasi desain antena helix diperoleh nilai VSWR 3,3, dan beamwidth 66 derajat. Dari hasil pengujian VSWR  yang didapat adalah 1,39 dan beamwidth 66 derajat. Perbedaan VSWR tersebut dikarenakan 4NEC2 menggunakan teknik axial feed, sementara prototipe antena heliks menggunakan teknik peripheral feed pada penyesuai impedansinya.

 

Keywords

Helical antenna; beamwidth; gain; impedance; VSWR; antena heliks; lebar berkas; penguatan; impedansi; VSWR

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