PENINGKATAN KUALITAS FOKUS CITRA IMAGER MULTISPEKTRAL SATELIT LAPAN-A3 (IMAGE-FOCUSING QUALITY IMPROVEMENT ON LAPAN-A3 SATELLITE MULTISPECTRAL IMAGER)
Abstract
LAPAN-A3 satellite brings a multispectral imager as main payload which has four color channel, i.e.: red, green, blue and near-infrared. The imager optics system uses beam-splitter mechanism, which divides the incoming light passing lens system into each color channel detector. Since each channel detector has different position and orientation with respect to lens center, then images produced by each channel detector will have different image focus quality. Such factor could reduce the quality of image produced. This research aims to improve the composite image quality of LAPAN-A3 satellite multispectral imager by ensuring that every channel detector will have uniform focus setting. The method used in this research consists of taking series of observation of object with zebra-cross pattern, then processed them by using Imatest software. The determination of the quality of each image focus are based on Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) calculation in particular spatial frequency. After several observations and calculation, image focus level of each channel detector can be successfully uniformed by controlling the distance of each detector to the center of lens. Furthermore, the experiment also able to reduce distortion caused by channel co-registration in horizontal axes. As a result, image quality of LAPAN-A3 satellite multispectral imager can be improved significantly. These results can be used as reference on the actual LAPAN-A3 sattelite ground station operation, and to support the development of experimental multispectral imager that is prepared for the next LAPAN-A4 sattelite.
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ABSTRAK
Satelit LAPAN-A3 membawa imager multispektral sebagai muatan utama, yang memiliki empat kanal warna yaitu merah, hijau, biru, dan near-infrared. Sistem optik imager dirancang dengan menggunakan beam-splitter yang akan membagi cahaya yang melewati sistem lensa menuju detektor masing-masing kanal warna. Karena setiap detektor memiliki posisi dan juga orientasi yang berbeda terhadap pusat lensa, maka akan terjadi ketidakseragaman derajat kefokusan untuk setiap citra yang dihasilkan oleh masing-masing kanal warna, yang dapat mengurangi kualitas citra komposit yang dihasilkan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas citra komposit imager multispektral satelit LAPAN-A3 dengan cara memastikan agar setiap kanal warna akan menghasilkan citra dengan derajat kefokusan yang seragam. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan mengambil sejumlah data pengamatan terhadap obyek dengan pola geometri zebra-cross, dan kemudian diolah dengan menggunakan perangkat lunak Imatest. Penentuan kualitas fokus citra dilakukan dengan mengukur Modulation Transfer Function (MTF) pada frekuensi spasial tertentu. Berdasarkan sejumlah pengamatan dan perhitungan yang dilakukan, derajat kefokusan citra yang dihasilkan masing-masing detektor dapat diseragamkan dengan mengatur jarak detektor tersebut terhadap pusat lensa. Selain itu, percobaan yang dilakukan juga dapat mengurangi distorsi ko-registrasi kanal yang terjadi pada sumbu horisontal. Kedua hasil tersebut secara signifikan dapat meningkatkan kualitas citra imager multispektral satelit LAPAN-A3, terutama dalam aspek geometri. Hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapat digunakan sebagai panduan dalam proses operasional satelit LAPAN-A3 selanjutnya dan juga dapat mendukung pengembangan imager multispektral eksperimen yang sedang dikembangkan untuk satelit LAPAN-A4.
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